At the St. Petersburg International Economic Forum, Russia's Special Representative for Investment Kirill Dmitriev claimed Europe lost 3 trillion euros by rejecting Russian gas supplies, arguing this undermined European sovereignty and economic welfare. Fact-checkers counter that the figure is greatly exaggerated—the OECD estimated the 2022 energy shock at 1–2 percentage points of GDP growth (hundreds of billions), not trillions—and that Europe's diversified supply portfolio (Norway 30.9%, US 26.2%, North Africa 12.7%, Russia 12.5%) does not reflect dangerous dependence on a single supplier.