Olga Bukhanovskaya, Chief Physician of the Phoenix Medical and Rehabilitation Research Center, said at the XVIII Congress of Psychiatrists of Russia that homosexuality and transgenderism are mental illnesses, she noted. Bukhanovskaya introduced the concept of "transgender spectrum disorder", which, according to her, includes five diseases: homosexuality, "fetish transvestism", personality disorder, schizotypal disorder and "schizophrenia in combination with periodic effemination" (as"Layout"explains, "effemination" is an outdated and incorrect term referring to"effeminate manifestations" in men). “If they say 'autism spectrum disorder' so beautifully now, then we can say 'transgender spectrum disorder,' and that includes all these mental illnesses, ”she said.